What is a defining characteristic of positivist criminology?

A defining characteristic of positivist criminology is the emphasis on biological determinism. This perspective posits that criminal behavior is determined by factors beyond an individual's control, particularly biological and genetic influences. Positivist criminologists seek to apply scientific methods to study crime, focusing on observable and measurable traits associated with offenders, such as physical characteristics, mental traits, and biological predispositions.

This approach diverges from purely cultural or social explanations of crime, which might look at broader societal or environmental factors. Instead, positivism highlights the intrinsic factors that may predispose individuals to criminality, making biological determinism a central tenant of this theoretical framework. Understanding these biological influences allows criminologists to explore potential interventions and preventive measures based on individual characteristics rather than solely on moral or legal considerations.